Since patient safety is the most important criterion of surgery, surgeons are required to plan the surgery before operating the patient. The system developed in this proposal will function as a surgical planner. It will facilitate the interaction of the surgeon with the virtual patient prior to the operation. Computational steering is a valuable mechanism for scientific investigation in which the parameters of a running program can be altered and the results visualized immediately. Hence, the introduction of computational steering into a surgical planner and training platform would allow the surgeon to interact with the subject in real time and plan this pre – operative surgery in a more natural way. 
 

Medical education program involves teaching and laboratory courses for the students. The students to be trained in basics of surgery with hands on training in tissue cutting, suturing, etc. this is done with mannequins. For this there should be a device where in the students can be trained with virtual tools such as haptic devices…. this haptic device measures all the physiological functions where the surgery is to be done and arrives at conclusive force required to penetrate particular regions of the tissues, bones etc. This device will be assisted with experts systems, so that, best of the practices can be recorded to the system and the system would learn through such experiences (Cognition) and can assist novice surgeons during the course of training (Recognition). This device will also be trained with actual images (MRI, FMRI, 2D, 3D, CT) prior to the surgery, the patient safety is taken at most care because the images (3D) give the better control to the surgeons.

Since it is interdisciplinary area, lot of work is going on as an independent area. But, when it comes to the integration part, to synchronize the all the information, lot of information fusion work has to be done, as well as lot of real-time issues to get physical realistic responses for the interaction in virtual environment are not found in the literature.

Hence, we are proposing to build a generic system for interactive scientific visualization based on computational steering and cluster computing and as an application part to the above system we have taken kidney and brain models as two test cases as a simulation part, related to the virtual surgery

To develop a real time surgical simulator using interactive Scientific Visualization based on Computational Steering. Since patient safety is the most important criteria of surgery, Surgeons are required to plan the surgery before operating the patient. This idea leads to the fact of a surgical planner. This planner can be implemented using a computer based interactive simulation and visualization. But the interaction of the surgeon with the simulation is seldom. Computational Steering is a valuable mechanism for scientific investigation in which the parameters of a running program can be altered and the results visualized immediately. Computational Steering, as it stands means, a computer programming technique, through which two processes over the computer system can interact, for example, say we develop a computational model for any subject we may want to simulate, and build an FEM engine that could simulate the subject, the procedure, in classic sense, would be that the FEM engine executes and produces results, which then would be visualized by a visualizer to view the results in 2D or 3D graphics. This seems to be a unidirectional approach, now that, let the FEM engine be one process and visualization be the other and both run simultaneously, here computational steering is a programming construct through which, we would, synchronise the two processes under execution, say, the user interacts with visualizer, he would alter certain parameters, these parameters need to be fed back to the FEM engine which would alter its behaviour according the parameters fed back and produce the results, which again the visualizer would again show it to the user, in real time. At the lowest level, this can be achieved by means of multithreaded programming, shared memory, message queues etc. Hence, the introduction of Computational Steering to the system would allow the surgeon to interact with the subject in real time and plan his pre – operative surgery in more natural way.

• Data acquisition, formalisation and image processing,
• Mathematical modelling
• Computational modelling
• Project coordinator
• Medical data mining
• Semantic Analysis
• Sensor technologies
  
  

• Provision of medical data and other relevant information related to the specific organs targeted in the applications concerned (Kidney and brain models)
• Mathematical models of the above organs and their behaviours
• Medical data mining, semantic analysis, sensor and actuators technologies
  

• Industrial companies that provide medical sensor data
• Research institutions
• Hospitals and medical professionals
• Medical research companies
• Computation Schools/University/Research centers